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| university:courses:electronics:labs [26 Mar 2018 13:51] – add Variable Gain Amplifier Antoniu Miclaus | university:courses:electronics:labs [01 Nov 2021 18:20] (current) – Add Wien Bridge Oscillator, Standing Waves Mark Thoren |
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| In general these labs can be performed using the [[university:tools:m2k|ADALM2000]] (M2K) Active Learning Module and [[university:tools:m2k:scopy|Scopy]] software. It is also possible to perform these lab activities using the ADALM1000 (M1K) hardware module with minor adjustments to the circuits. [[university:courses:alm1k:m2k-convert-labs|This document]] outlines how the labs might be altered for use with M1K and the ALICE desktop software. | In general these labs can be performed using the [[university:tools:m2k|ADALM2000]] (M2K) Active Learning Module and [[university:tools:m2k:scopy|Scopy]] software. It is also possible to perform these lab activities using the ADALM1000 (M1K) hardware module with minor adjustments to the circuits. [[university:courses:alm1k:m2k-convert-labs|This document]] outlines how the labs might be altered for use with M1K and the ALICE desktop software. |
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| They are generally written to be performed with just the components provided in the [[adi>ADALP2000]] Analog Parts Kit, however additional devices are sometimes needed. Other sources of components can of course be used and there is additional information on that further down on this page. If you are looking for Lab Activity material written specifically for use with the [[university:courses:alm1k:alm-labs-list|ADALM1000 look here]]. | They are generally written to be performed with just the components provided in the [[university:tools:adalp2000:parts-index|ADALP2000]] Analog Parts Kit, however additional devices are sometimes needed. Other sources of components can of course be used and there is additional information on that further down on this page. If you are looking for Lab Activity material written specifically for use with the [[university:courses:alm1k:alm-labs-list|ADALM1000 look here]]. |
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| ===Pre-Lab Circuit Simulation=== | Most of the labs are populated with [[adi>en/design-center/design-tools-and-calculators/ltspice-simulator.html | LTSpice]] resource files which contain the schematics of the circuits discussed at a specific topic. An file containing the ADALM2000 connections for the schematics can be found here: [[downgit>education_tools/tree/master/m2k/ltspice/m2k_conn_ltspice | m2k_conn_ltspice]]. |
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| | ====Pre-Lab Circuit Simulation==== |
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| Notes on [[university:courses:electronics:circuitsimulationnotes|circuit simulation]].\\ | Notes on [[university:courses:electronics:circuitsimulationnotes|circuit simulation]].\\ |
| Links to an archive of example simulation schematic files are provided below. | Links to an archive of example simulation schematic files are provided below. |
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| ===General Lab materials=== | ====General Lab materials==== |
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| - Background Lab Notes: [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-breadboards|Solder-less Breadboards]] | - Background Lab Notes: [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-breadboards|Solder-less Breadboards]] |
| - Basic Activity: [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-eh|Energy Harvesting]] | - Basic Activity: [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-eh|Energy Harvesting]] |
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| ===Electronics I=== | ====Electronics I==== |
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| Electronics I pre-lab simulation {{:university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-i.zip|schematic files}}. | |
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| | Electronics I pre-lab simulation [[downgit>education_tools/tree/master/m2k/adisimpe/electronics-lab-i|schematic files]]. |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:ohm_law|An Ohm's Law Experiment]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:rc_transient_response|Transient Response of an RC Circuit]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:rl_transient_response|Transient Response of an RL Circuit]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:lp_hp_filters|Low Pass and High Pass Filters]] |
| | - [[university:labs:band_pass_filters_adalm200|Band Pass Filters]] |
| | - [[university:labs:band_stop_filters_adalm2000|Band Stop Filters]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:rlc_resonance|Resonance in RLC Circuits]] |
| | - [[university:labs:cascaded_rc_adalm2000|Cascaded RC low pass filters]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-1|Simple Op Amps]],[[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-opamp-comparator|Op Amp as Comparator]],[[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-1st|Op Amp Settling Time]], [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-loop-gain|Measuring Loop Gain]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-1|Simple Op Amps]],[[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-opamp-comparator|Op Amp as Comparator]],[[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-1st|Op Amp Settling Time]], [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-loop-gain|Measuring Loop Gain]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-2|PN Diode I/V curves]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-2|PN Diode I/V curves]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-13|Making a full Amplifier from circuit blocks]]. [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-13a|Output Stages]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-13|Making a full Amplifier from circuit blocks]]. [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-13a|Output Stages]] |
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| ===Electronics II=== | ====Electronics II==== |
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| Electronics II pre-lab simulation {{:university:courses:electronics:electroincs-lab-ii.zip|schematic files}}. | Electronics II pre-lab simulation [[downgit>education_tools/tree/master/m2k/adisimpe/electronics-lab-ii|schematic files]]. |
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| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-20|CMOS Amplifier]] (with chopping / auto zero) | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-20|CMOS Amplifier]] (with chopping / auto zero) |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-18|CMOS Analog Switches]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-18|CMOS Analog Switches]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-19|Switched Capacitor circuits]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-19|Switched Capacitor circuits]] |
| - Analog to Digital and [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-14|Digital to Analog]] Conversion | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-adc|Analog to Digital]] and [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-14|Digital to Analog]] Conversion |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-17|Delta – Sigma Modulator]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-17|Delta – Sigma Modulator]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-21|CMOS LC Oscillator]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-21|CMOS LC Oscillator]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-31|Phase locked loops]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-31|Phase locked loops]] |
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| ===Miscellaneous Lab Activities=== | ====Miscellaneous Lab Activities==== |
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| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-led-sensor|LED as light sensor]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-led-sensor|LED as light sensor]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-heartbeat|Heartbeat Measurement Circuit]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-heartbeat|Heartbeat Measurement Circuit]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-window-comp-tmp01|Temperature Control using Window Comparator]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-window-comp-tmp01|Temperature Control using Window Comparator]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:magnetic_proximity_sensor|Magnetic proximity sensor]] |
| | - [[university:labs:2_axis_tilt_sensor_adalm2000|2-Axis Tilt Sensor]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:temperature_measuring|IC temperature sensors]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-electret_microphone|Audio Amplifier with Electret Microphone]] |
| | ====Communications Circuits==== |
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| ===Communications Circuits=== | - [[university:labs:comms_lab_isr_adalm2000|Inductor Self Resonance]] |
| | - [[university:labs:comms_lab_transformers_adalm2000|Transformers]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-isr|Inductor Self Resonance]] | - [[university:labs:comms_lab_tuned_amplifiers_1_adalm2000|Tuned Amplifiers,part I]], [[university:labs:comms_lab_tuned_amplifiers_2_adalm2000|Tuned Amplifiers,part II]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-transformers|Transformers]] | - [[university:labs:electronics_lab_transformer_coupled_amp_adalm2000|Transformer Coupled Amplifier]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-tuned-amplifiers-1|Tuned Amplifiers,part I]], [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-tuned-amplifiers-2|Tuned Amplifiers,part II]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-active-filter|Active Filters]], [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-polyphase-filter|Polyphase Filters]] |
| - Transformer Coupled Amplifiers | |
| - Active Filters, [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-polyphase-filter|Polyphase Filters]] | |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-envelope-detector|Envelope Detectors]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-envelope-detector|Envelope Detectors]] |
| - FM Detectors | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics_lab_fm_detectors|FM Detectors]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-variable-gain-amplifier|Variable Gain Amplifiers]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-variable-gain-amplifier|Variable Gain Amplifiers]] |
| - Pulse Width Modulation | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-pulse-width-modulation|Pulse Width Modulation]] |
| - Frequency Synthesizers, [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-hartley-osc|Hartley oscillator]], [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-colpitts-osc|Colpitts oscillator]], [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-clapp-osc|Clapp oscillator]], [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-peltz-osc|Peltz Oscillator]] | - Frequency Synthesizers, [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-hartley-osc|Hartley oscillator]], [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-colpitts-osc|Colpitts oscillator]], [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-clapp-osc|Clapp oscillator]], [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-peltz-osc|Peltz Oscillator]] |
| | - [[university:labs:wien_bridge_osc_adalm2000|The Wien Bridge Oscillator]] |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-pulse-osc|Pulsed Oscillators]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-pulse-osc|Pulsed Oscillators]] |
| - Phase Locked Loops | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics_lab_diode_ring_modulator|Diode Ring Modulators]] |
| - Diode Ring Modulators | - [[university:courses:electronics:electronics-lab-active-mixer|Active Mixers]] |
| - Active Mixers | |
| - [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-lfsr|Pseudo-Random Sequence Generators]] | - [[university:courses:electronics:comms-lab-lfsr|Pseudo-Random Sequence Generators]] |
| ===== General background Information. ===== | - [[university:labs:tlines_standing_waves_adalm2000|Transmission Lines and Standing Waves]] |
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| | ====Power Management Circuits==== |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:switched-cap-power-supplies|Switched Capacitor Power Supplies]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:buck_converter_basics|Buck Converter Basics]] |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:efficiency_power_loss|Efficiency, Power Loss, and Thermal Management]] |
| | - [[university:labs:open_loop_boost_and_buck_adalm2000|Boost and Buck converter elements and open-loop operation]] |
| | - [[university:labs:closed_loop_buck_adalm2000|Buck Converters: closed loop operation]] |
| | - [[university:labs:closed_loop_boost_adalm2000|Boost Converters: closed loop operation]] |
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| | ====Tutorials==== |
| | - [[university:courses:electronics:tutorials|ADALM2000 Tutorials]] //(temporary link)// |
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| | ====== General background Information. ====== |
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| The assumption is made that the reader has some familiarity with the ADALM2000 Lab hardware and Scopy software system before starting these lab activities. It is also assumed that for the data presented here, the measurement data waveforms from the lab hardware were saved to disk and manipulated and plotted in Microsoft Excel. | The assumption is made that the reader has some familiarity with the ADALM2000 Lab hardware and Scopy software system before starting these lab activities. It is also assumed that for the data presented here, the measurement data waveforms from the lab hardware were saved to disk and manipulated and plotted in Microsoft Excel. |
| Remember, not all transistors share the same terminal designations, or pinouts, even if they share the same physical appearance. The order of some types is CBE (base is center lead) and BCE (collector is center lead) for others. This is very important when you connect the transistors together and to other components. Be careful to check the manufacturer's specifications (component datasheet). These can be easily found on various websites. Double-checking pin identities with a multi-meter's "diode check" function is highly recommended. | Remember, not all transistors share the same terminal designations, or pinouts, even if they share the same physical appearance. The order of some types is CBE (base is center lead) and BCE (collector is center lead) for others. This is very important when you connect the transistors together and to other components. Be careful to check the manufacturer's specifications (component datasheet). These can be easily found on various websites. Double-checking pin identities with a multi-meter's "diode check" function is highly recommended. |
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| ===== Extra stuff: ===== | ====== Extra stuff: ====== |
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| Learning to mathematically analyze circuits requires much study and practice. Typically, students practice by working through lots of sample problems and checking their answers against those provided by the textbook or the instructor. While this is good, there is a much better way. You will learn much more by actually building and analyzing real circuits, letting your test equipment provide the "answers" instead of a book or another person. For successful circuit-building exercises, follow these steps: | Learning to mathematically analyze circuits requires much study and practice. Typically, students practice by working through lots of sample problems and checking their answers against those provided by the textbook or the instructor. While this is good, there is a much better way. You will learn much more by actually building and analyzing real circuits, letting your test equipment provide the "answers" instead of a book or another person. For successful circuit-building exercises, follow these steps: |
| One way you can save time and reduce the possibility of error is to begin with a very simple circuit and incrementally add components to increase its complexity after each analysis, rather than building a whole new circuit for each practice activity. Another time-saving technique is to re-use the same components in a variety of different circuit configurations. This way, you won't have to measure any component's value more than once. | One way you can save time and reduce the possibility of error is to begin with a very simple circuit and incrementally add components to increase its complexity after each analysis, rather than building a whole new circuit for each practice activity. Another time-saving technique is to re-use the same components in a variety of different circuit configurations. This way, you won't have to measure any component's value more than once. |
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| ==== Note about diodes and bandgap conventions: ==== | ====== Note about diodes and bandgap conventions: ====== |
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| The common convention is that a typical silicon BJT base–emitter diode drop, ''V<sub>BE</sub>'', is 0.65V and a standard general purpose silicon diode drop is 0.6V. Other conventions use 0.6V or 0.7V for one or both. These are highly dependent on the manufacturing process used and the physical size of the components. The results you measure in the laboratory will most likely be between these values. Diodes and BJTs implemented on the same integrated circuit (i.e., on the same silicon die) may have equivalent characteristics. That is, the diodes and transistors will be more closely matched. Matched components are convenient to use in many circuit designs. We use discrete elements in most of these activities, and so it is not possible to match components unless they are all fabricated on the same silicon die. In the laboratory, a diode-connected transistor, with its base shorted to its collector may match the base–emitter characteristics of another transistor of the same type better than a simple diode. | The common convention is that a typical silicon BJT base–emitter diode drop, ''V<sub>BE</sub>'', is 0.65V and a standard general purpose silicon diode drop is 0.6V. Other conventions use 0.6V or 0.7V for one or both. These are highly dependent on the manufacturing process used and the physical size of the components. The results you measure in the laboratory will most likely be between these values. Diodes and BJTs implemented on the same integrated circuit (i.e., on the same silicon die) may have equivalent characteristics. That is, the diodes and transistors will be more closely matched. Matched components are convenient to use in many circuit designs. We use discrete elements in most of these activities, and so it is not possible to match components unless they are all fabricated on the same silicon die. In the laboratory, a diode-connected transistor, with its base shorted to its collector may match the base–emitter characteristics of another transistor of the same type better than a simple diode. |
