The CN0391_example project uses the EVAL-CN0391-ARDZ Shield which is a multichannel thermocouple temperature measurement system with cold junction compensation.
The EVAL-CN0391-ARDZ shield uses the AD7124-8 part which is a 8-Channel Low Noise, Low Power, 24-Bit, Sigma-Delta ADC with PGA and Reference. All signal conditioning and excitation is performed by the AD7124-8, no additional components are needed.
The EVAL-CN0391-ARDZ board has 4 thermocouple ports: P1~P4. The board has 4 Pt1000 RTDs: R1~R4 close to each thermocouple socket for cold junction compensation. It supports all 8 types of thermocouple: T, J, K, E, S, R, N, B with full range temperature measurement. The RTD operates in the 2-wire mode and the excitation current is generated by the AD7124-8.
The CN0391_example application reads the 4 RTD channels and the 4 thermocouple channels, processes them, makes all necessary calculations in order to output a linearized temperature for each available port. The UART interface (9600 baud rate, 1 start bit, 8-bits data length, no parity bits and 1 stop bits) is used to send data to a terminal window. The user has the possibility to enable/disable calibration on each channel separately. In the terminal window after initialization will appear information messages regarding this: if calibration is enable then the user will be informed when the calibration is completed, otherwise the user will be informed that the calibration is disabled (see USE_RTD_CALIBRATION and USE_TH_CALIBRATION parameters).
Before starting the measurement it is required to setup the thermocouple types for each port (check P1_TYPE - P4_TYPE). Based on those settings the output data will be calculated and displayed in the terminal window continuously considering a data refresh parameter (see DISPLAY_REFRESH). Also the warning messages will be displayed if the final linearized temperature for the selected thermocouple is out of the boundaries:
This project uses voltage to temperature solution, based on the cold junction temperature compensation and thermocouple measurements in order to provide a final linearized temperature. The linearization is dictated by thermocouple type and it uses standard formulas generated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
When implementing thermocouple measurements, the thermocouple measures the temperature at the thermocouple relative to the cold junction. The cold junction temperature must be added to give the overall temperature. Converting the thermocouple measured voltage to a temperature requires the data measured to be linearized. Linearization is carried out by using the cold junction temperature together with the voltage generated by the thermocouple.
For the cold junction temperature measurement is used PT1000 RTD method. Cold junction reading from each RTD channel is used to calculate RTD resistance:
The PT1000 RTD is ideally 1000Ω at 0°C. There are two separate equations that are used for linearization and depending on the calculated resistance it is use one or the other:
1. RTD resistance > 1000Ω
2. RTD resistance ≤ 1000Ω
For thermocouple temperature linearization are used standard NIST equations. The thermocouple type used dictates the formulas needed for the linearization. First the cold junction temperature needs to be converted to a cold junction voltage. This conversion is implemented using a standard formula. The formula is the same for all thermocouple types. However, the coefficient values used in the formula are dependent on the thermocouple type.
The final thermocouple voltage is calculated using thermocouple voltage read on the thermocouple channel and adding to this value the converted cold junction voltage:
Vtc - final voltage value for themocouple channel Vtc = Vtc_read + Vcj Vtc_read - voltage value measured on thermocouple channel Vcj - cold junction voltage calculated using first NIST formula
For the final linearized temperature value is used the second polynomial formula provided by NIST standard:
The following is a list of items needed in order to replicate this demo.
The source code and include files of the CN0391_example can be found here:
The Arduino Sketch is used to open the example into Arduino IDE. The project is composed of three main parts:
Before running your program, make sure that you have configured the software appropriately to your settings:
#define USE_RTD_CALIBRATION YES // Set YES to enable calibration on RTD channel, otherwise set to NO
#define USE_TH_CALIBRATION YES // Set YES to enable calibration on TC channel, otherwise set to NO
#define DISPLAY_REFRESH (1000) //ms
#define P1_TYPE TYPE_T // TYPE_T,TYPE_J,TYPE_K,TYPE_E,TYPE_S,TYPE_R,TYPE_N,TYPE_B #define P2_TYPE TYPE_T // TYPE_T,TYPE_J,TYPE_K,TYPE_E,TYPE_S,TYPE_R,TYPE_N,TYPE_B #define P3_TYPE TYPE_T // TYPE_T,TYPE_J,TYPE_K,TYPE_E,TYPE_S,TYPE_R,TYPE_N,TYPE_B #define P4_TYPE TYPE_T // TYPE_T,TYPE_J,TYPE_K,TYPE_E,TYPE_S,TYPE_R,TYPE_N,TYPE_B
These two steps can also be done using the quick buttons on the Arduino sketch. Check out the image below for locations of the quick buttons.
Data is output using the USB cable from the Arduino to the PC. The USB port acts as a serial terminal to display the data being transmitted via UART. Opening the serial terminal window from the Arduino IDE is very easy, simply click on the button shown in the picture below.
You may need to configure the serial terminal depending on the current settings of the Arduino IDE. Make sure the settings are as follows:
Select COM Port of USB device Baud rate: 9600 Data: 8 bit Parity: none Stop: 1 bit Flow Control: none
The Arduino tools are easy to use, and there are many tutorials and users guides to help learn how to use the Arduino IDE.
For more information on how to use the tool basics, please check out the Arduino tutorials page.
To download the Arduino tools, check out the Arduino software page.
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