This version (23 Jun 2021 08:29) was approved by Michael Hennerich.The Previously approved version (05 Jul 2018 14:06) is available.
Table of Contents
AD7768-1 IIO Low Power Sigma-Delta ADC Linux Driver
Supported Devices
Evaluation Boards
Description
This is a Linux industrial I/O (IIO) subsystem driver, targeting single channel serial interface ADCs. The industrial I/O subsystem provides a unified framework for drivers for many different types of converters and sensors using a number of different physical interfaces (i2c, spi, etc). See IIO for more information.
Source Code
Status
| Source | Mainlined? |
|---|---|
| git | [No] |
Files
| Function | File |
|---|---|
| driver | https://github.com/analogdevicesinc/linux/blob/master/drivers/iio/adc/ad7768-1.c |
Devicetree
Required devicetree properties:
- compatible: Needs to be the name of the device. E.g. “ad7768-1”
- reg: The chipselect number used for the device
- spi-max-frequency: Maximum SPI clock frequency.
- spi-cpol: Needs to be set for the correct SPI mode
- spi-cpha: Needs to be set for the correct SPI mode
- vref-supply: Phandle to the fixed regulator
- clocks: Phandle to the clock signal source
- interrupts: a list of interrupt specifiers
adc_vref: fixedregulator@0 {
compatible = "regulator-fixed";
regulator-name = "fixed-supply";
regulator-min-microvolt = <4096000>;
regulator-max-microvolt = <4096000>;
regulator-boot-on;
};
clocks {
ad7768_mclk: clock@0 {
#clock-cells = <0>;
compatible = "fixed-clock";
clock-frequency = <16384000>;
};
};
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
status = "okay";
ad7768@0 {
compatible = "ad7768-1";
reg = <0>;
spi-max-frequency = <16000000>;
spi-cpol;
spi-cpha;
#interrupt-cells = <2>;
interrupts = <25 0x2>;
interrupt-parent = <&gpio>;
vref-supply = <&adc_vref>;
clocks = <&ad7768_mclk>;
clock-names = "mclk";
};
Driver testing
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/> cd /sys/bus/iio/devices/ root:/sys/bus/iio/devices> ls iio:device0 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices> cd iio\:device0 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> ls -l drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Oct 12 22:15 buffer -r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 12 22:15 dev -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 12 22:15 in_voltage0_raw -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 12 22:15 in_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency -r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 12 22:15 in_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency_available -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 12 22:15 in_voltage_scale -r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 12 22:15 name lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 12 22:15 of_node -> ../../../../../../../../firmware/devicetree/base/soc/spi@7e204000/ad7768@0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Oct 12 22:15 power -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 12 22:27 sampling_frequency drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Oct 12 22:15 scan_elements lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 12 22:15 subsystem -> ../../../../../../../../bus/iio drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Oct 12 22:15 trigger -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 12 22:15 uevent
Show device name
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat name ad7768-1
Show scale
Description:
scale to be applied to in_voltage0_raw in order to obtain the measured voltage in millivolts.
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat in_voltage_scale 0.000488281
Show channel 0 measurement
Description:
Raw unscaled voltage measurement on channel 0
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat in_voltage0_raw 2040915
U = in_voltage0_raw * in_voltage_scale = 2040915 * 0.000488281= 996.54 mV
Set sampling frequency / update rate
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat sampling_frequency 32000 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> echo 256000 > sampling_frequency root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat sampling_frequency 256000 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0>
Show available bandwidths for the current set frequency
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat sampling_frequency 256000 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat in_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency_available 6528.000000, 8320.000000, 13760.000000 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0>
Change the bandwidth
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat in_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency_available 6528.000000, 8320.000000, 13760.000000 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat in_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency 6528.000000 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> echo 13760 > in_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat in_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency 13760.000000 root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0>
Trigger management
This driver only supports it's own default trigger source ad7768-1-dev0
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0> cat trigger/current_trigger ad7768-1-dev0
Buffer management
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0/buffer> ls enable length watermark root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0/buffer>
Every buffer implementation features a set of files:
length
Get/set the number of sample sets that may be held by the buffer.
enable
Enables/disables the buffer. This file should be written last, after length and selection of scan elements
scan_elements
The scan_elements directory contains interfaces for elements that will be captured for a single triggered sample set in the buffer.
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0/scan_elements> ls in_voltage0_en in_voltage0_index in_voltage0_type root:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0/scan_elements>
in_voltageX_en / in_voltageX-voltageY_en / timestamp_en:
Scan element control for triggered data capture. Writing 1 will enable the scan element, writing 0 will disable it
in_voltageX_type / in_voltageX-voltageY_type / timestamp_type:
Description of the scan element data storage within the buffer and therefore in the form in which it is read from user-space. Form is [s|u]bits/storage-bits. s or u specifies if signed (2's complement) or unsigned. bits is the number of bits of data and storage-bits is the space (after padding) that it occupies in the buffer. Note that some devices will have additional information in the unused bits so to get a clean value, the bits value must be used to mask the buffer output value appropriately. The storage-bits value also specifies the data alignment. So u12/16 will be a unsigned 12 bit integer stored in a 16 bit location aligned to a 16 bit boundary. For other storage combinations this attribute will be extended appropriately.
in_voltageX_index / in_voltageX-voltageY_index / timestamp_index:
A single positive integer specifying the position of this scan element in the buffer. Note these are not dependent on what is enabled and may not be contiguous. Thus for user-space to establish the full layout these must be used in conjunction with all _en attributes to establish which channels are present, and the relevant _type attributes to establish the data storage format.
Low level register access via debugfs (direct_reg_access)
Some IIO drivers feature an optional debug facility, allowing users to read or write registers directly. Special care needs to be taken when using this feature, since you can modify registers on the back of the driver. Accessing debugfs requires root privileges.
In order to identify if the IIO device in question feature this option you first need to identify the IIO device number.
Therefore read the name attribute of each IIO device
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root@analog:~# grep "" /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio\:device*/name ad7768-1 root@analog:~#
Change directory to /sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:deviceX and check if the direct_reg_access file exists.
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root@analog:~# cd /sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio\:device0/ root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# ls direct_reg_access ls direct_reg_access root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0#
Reading
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# echo 0x3 > direct_reg_access root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# cat direct_reg_access 0x7 root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0#
Writing
Write ADDRESS VALUE
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# echo 0x15 0x2 > direct_reg_access root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# cat direct_reg_access 0x2 root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0#
More Information
- IIO mailing list: linux [dash] iio [at] vger [dot] kernel [dot] org
resources/tools-software/linux-drivers/iio-adc/ad7768-1.txt · Last modified: 23 Jun 2021 08:28 by Michael Hennerich