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This version (03 Mar 2023 07:42) was approved by Joyce Velasco.The Previously approved version (03 Mar 2023 07:41) is available.Diff

Table of Contents

EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ User Guide

The EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ is a simple, Arduino form-factor breakout board for developing ADPD4100 and ADPD4101 applications. The ADPD4101, interfaced through I2C, and the ADPD4100, interfaced through SPI, are highly versatile, multimodal sensor front ends, stimulating up to eight light emitting diodes (LEDs) and measuring the return signal on up to eight separate current inputs. There are a number of other evaluation platforms for these devices, including the EVAL-ADPD4100Z-PPG, optimized for photoplethysmograph applications, and the reference design CN0503, optimized for optical liquid analysis applications such as colorimetry, turbidity, and fluorescence. The EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ board come in handy for adapting these evaluation boards to meet specific application requirements, as well as for “ground up” development of new applications.

Features

  • 8 LED excitation channels with high-voltage extension circuitry
  • 8 Photodiode inputs

Device Driver and Support

A no-OS device driver and an example program are provided, targeting the EVAL-ADICUP3029 platform. The ADICUP3029 example application uses the ADPD410x no-OS driver and emulates the Linux IIO framework through the tinyiiod daemon library. The application communicates with the host computer via the serial backend over a USB-UART physical connection. This facilitates rapid application development on a host computer, independent from embedded code development.

Similarly, utility software (such as iio_info, IIO Oscilloscope, PyADI-IIO, etc.) typically associated with Linux systems can be used with this no-OS implementation.

Materials Needed

Hardware Setup

Jumper Configuration

There are two shunt-configurable jumpers and three types of solder jumpers on the EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ board.

I/O Logic Voltage (IOSEL) Shunt Positions

Correct Shunt Position Layout Picture
Shorted Pin 1 and 2

Onboard LED and Photodiode (P10) Shunt Positions

The onboard LED and photodiode are by default connected to LED1A and PD1A, respectively. When using external LEDs and sensors on this channel, make sure to remove this connection using jumper header P10.

Correct Shunt Position Layout Picture
Shorted Pin 1 and 2, Shorted Pin 3 and 4, Shorted Pin 5 and 6

LED Supply Voltage (JP1) Solder Positions

Correct Shunt Position Layout Picture
Shorted Pin 2 and 3

LED Driver Connection P9, P11, P13, P15, P17, P19, P22, P24

Correct Shunt Position Layout Picture
Shorted

SPI or I2C Interface

Board Shorted Resistors Layout Picture
EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ (SPI) Shorted R8 and R9, Open R6 and R7

Below is a photo of the ADPD4100 (SPI) board with all the correct shunt and solder jumper connections.

Board Shorted Resistors Layout Picture
ADPD4101 (I2C) Shorted R6 and R7, Open R8 and R9

Below is a photo of the EVAL-ADPD4101-ARDZ (I2C) board with all the correct shunt and solder jumper connections.

Prototyping Connectors

The board has two parallel 18-pin, 100-mil pitch male connectors, which give access to the LED driver channels, the photodiode inputs, custom I/O pins from the AFE, and supply voltage for the LED. The user can use this along with the break-away protoboard to implement a custom circuit for testing. The pin assignment and functions are shown below.

Pins labeled XYC (where X refers to LED 1, 2, 3, or 4, and Y refers to channel A or B) denote connections to the LED cathode which are voltage protected via transistors to the ADPD4100/1 LED inputs (denoted by LXY). It is recommended to connect LED cathodes to these pins instead of connecting directly to LXY pins. PDXY (X refers to photodiode 1, 2, 3, or 4 and Y refers to channel A or B) pins denote photodiode signal inputs to the AFE. ACOM and BCOM pins refer to the common cathode bias output for photodiode sensors. These should be connected to the cathodes of photodiodes in the matching channel (for example, photodiodes connected to PD1A, PD2A, PD3A, and PD4A should have their cathodes connected to ACOM).

A simple circuit for testing LED driver outputs and photodiode current sensing using the break-away prototype board can easily be set up using optocouplers, as shown below.

General Connection

  • Set the following EVAL-ADICUP3029 switches according to their configuration on the table.
Switch Configuration
UART (S2) USB
POWER (S5) WALL/USB

Driver / Firmware Setup

There are two basic ways to program the EVAL-ADICUP3029 with the software for both boards.

  1. Ensure that the EVAL-ADICUP3029 board switches are set to the correct configuration, as detailed in General Connection.
  2. Connect the EVAL-ADICUP3029 board to the PC or laptop using the Micro USB to USB cable.
  3. Drag and Drop the appropriate .hex file from the list below to the Daplink Drive.
  4. The drive will unmount once the .hex file is dropped and wait for it to reappear. Once it does, press the reset button of the EVAL-ADICUP3029 to ensure that the microcontroller is updated.

Pre-built hex files can be found here:

The latest source code can be found here:

Using CrossCore Embedded Studio

  1. Acquire a copy of the project source files of the EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ by downloading the source files directly from the repository at EVAL-ADICUP3029/tree/master/projects/ADuCM3029_demo_adpd410x or you can clone the entire EVAL-ADICUP3029 repository and check the projects folder for ADuCM3029_demo_adpd410x.
  2. Open CrossCore Embedded Studio and import the project into your workspace, as detailed in the cces_user_guide. This allows you to edit the software to fit your requirements.

    If this is your first time using CrossCore Embedded Studio, check the user guide to get started.

  3. Once ready, you can opt to generate your own .hex file and use the first method to program the EVAL-ADICUP3029 or you can use a debug session by following the quickstart guide.

CrossCore Project Header File Configuration

  • Select which board the project will support when built using app_config.h.
    • For EVAL-ADPD4100-ARDZ
    • For EVAL-ADPD4101-ARDZ

You can configure the default timeslots and other settings of the ADPD4100 or ADPD4101 using adpd410x_app_config.h.

  • You can set the default number of active timeslots and output data rate.
  • Initial timeslot settings are configured using the adpd410x_timeslot_init data structure, as shown below:
    • Enabling ADC channel 2
      Each timeslot can use the two ADC input channels of the ADPD4100/1. By default, the timeslot only uses channel 1. Setting this to true will enable channel 2.
    • Timeslot Inputs

      Each timeslot input can be set to use a pair of input pins of the ADPD4100/1. Below are possible pair options:

    • Each of the input pins can be disabled or routed to any or both of the channels. Below are the possible configurations of the input pins.

  • Timeslot Input Preconditioning
    Timeslot inputs have programmable connections, which precondition the sensor to set operating conditions before sampling. Below are the possible options:
  • TIA Reference Voltage
    The reference voltage of the Trans-Impedance Amplifier (TIA) is configurable. Below are the possible values:
  • TIA Gain Resistor
    The gain resistor used by the TIA is configurable for each input channel. Below are the possible values:
  • Multiple Pulses and Integrator Chopping The ADPD4100/1 is capable of improving SNR using multiple pulses per sample and integrator chopping, which have configurable settings.
    • 4-Pulse Reverse Pattern
      Each pulse from the LED in a set of 4 can be configured to either have an on-off or off-on integrator chopping sequence. This is a 4-bit value, 1 bit for each pulse. Setting a bit reverses the integrator chopping sequence for that pulse.
    • 4-Pulse Subtract Pattern
      The mathematical operation performed on a digitized ADC sample can be set to addition or subtraction for each pulse in a set of 4. This is a 4-bit value, 1 bit for each pulse. Setting a bit negates the operation for that pulse.
  • Byte Number
    This sets the number of data bytes used in the timeslot.
  • Decimation Factor
    The decimation factor sets the number of time slot values used in the final sample.
    output data rate = sample rate / (decimation factor - 1)
  • LED Output
    The 4 LED outputs have configurable output current and can be set to either channel A or channel B only. You can define the LED value directly or through fields. The first 7 bits are for the output current, which scale from 1.5 mA to 200 mA for 0x01 to 0x7F. The last bit is for the output channel. Setting this bit selects channel B while clearing selects channel A.
  • ADC Cycles
    This sets the number of integration cycles per ADC conversion. This value can range from 0x01 to 0xFF.
  • Number of Repeats
    This sets the number of repeat ADC conversions\\. This value can range from 0x01 to 0xFF\\. 
    total number of pulses = ADC cycles X Number of Repeats

Here is an example timeslot setting used in the pre-built hex files:

Software Setup

Installation

To communicate with the device from the PC or laptop using IIO commands, install the Libiio package by following the guide in the repository: libiio/releases. The method is different for Windows or Linux operating systems.

Connection

The device must be able to create a context. Context creation in the software depends on the backend used to connect the device. This guide covers the device communication using the currently supported platform, a serial backend through a USB-UART connection. A simple way of checking, if the device is connected, is through the iio_info command. Specifically, it reports all IIO attributes of a detected device and context. To do this, simply enter the below command to a terminal or command line. 

iio_info -u serial:<serial port>

Examples:

  • In a Windows machine, you can check the port of your ADICUP3029 via Device Manager in the Ports (COM & LPT) section. If your device is in COM4, use serial:COM4 as your URI (e.g., iio_info -u serial:COM4).
  • In a Unix-based machine, you will see it under the /dev/ directory in this format “ttyUSBn”, where n is a number depending on how many serial USB devices are attached. If you see that your device is ttyUSB0, use serial:/dev/ttyUSB0 as your URI. (e.g., iio_info -u serial:/dev/ttyUSB0).

An example output of this command should look like the one below:

Reading and Configuring the Device from Command Line

Using the iio_attr command from the Libiio package, you can read and configure the device.

Reading Raw Channel Outputs from the Device

The -c option of the iio_attr command allows reading of the individual raw channel outputs. Specifically, this reads the raw attribute of the specified channel of the specified device in the context of the specified URI. The command follows the format shown below. 

iio_attr -u <URI> -c <DEVICENAME> <CHANNELNAME> <ATTRIBUTE>
E.g., for a Windows Machine
iio_attr -u serial:COM4  -c adpd410x voltage0 raw
  • <URI> specifies the URI similar to the one used in Connection.
  • <DEVICENAME> specifies the device name, which is adpd410x.
  • <CHANNELNAME> specifies the channel name, which are formatted as voltageX where X can be from 0 to 7.
  • <ATTRIBUTE> specifies the name of the channel attribute, which is raw. This is a read-only attribute.

An example output of this command should look like the one below:

Reading and Writing Device Attributes

The -d option of the iio_attr command allows reading or writing (only for specific items) of device attributes. For example, the sampling_frequency attribute is readable and writeable. The command to read and write to this attribute is shown below: 

For reading, use iio_attr -u <URI> -d <DEVICENAME> <ATTRIBUTE>
For writing, use iio_attr -u <URI> -d <DEVICENAME> <ATTRIBUTE> <VALUE>
e.g., for a Windows Machine
iio_attr -u serial:COM4 -d adpd410x sampling_frequency 40
  • <URI> specifies the URI similar to the one used in Connection.
  • <DEVICENAME> specifies the device name which is adpd410x.
  • <ATTRIBUTE> specifies the name of the device attribute which is sampling_frequency.

An example output of this command should look like the one below:

IIO Oscilloscope

Make sure to download/update to the latest version of IIO-Oscilloscope found on this linkhttps://github.com/analogdevicesinc/iio-oscilloscope/releases.
  1. Install and start IIO-Oscilloscope. There are two options you can use to select IIO contexts. First, you can use the Serial option and input the correct port settings of the board from the Device Manager. Another way is by manually entering the URI used in Connection.
  2. Press Refresh to display available IIO Devices, and once adpd410x is detected, press Connect. It may take several presses to Connect before the software proceeds and opens the Debug Panel and Waveform Panel\\.

Debug Panel

In the Debug Panel, you can directly access the device/channel attributes and even the device registers. Remember to select first the adpd410x in the Device Selection section.

Waveform Panel

The Waveform panel, also known as the Capture window, displays the real-time waveform of selected photodiode channels of the ADPD410x. Select the desired channels to display in the upper left section. You can also edit the plot settings in the left section.

You cannot use the Debug Panel and the Waveform Panel simultaneously. Using the Waveform Panel will freeze the Debug Panel.

For best device operation and waveform captured, it is recommended to use a time domain plot with 20 samples.

Python and PyADI-IIO

PyADI-IIO is a python abstraction module for ADI hardware with IIO drivers to make them easier to use. This module provides device-specific APIs built on top of the current libIIO python bindings. These interfaces try to match the driver naming as much as possible without the need to understand the complexities of libIIO and IIO.

Installing the Packages

PyADI-IIO requires a Python installed on your computer. It is recommended to install Python 3.7 or higher.

Install PyADI-IIO using one of the methods in PyADI-IIO\\.

There are two example scripts found in the examples folder in PyADI-IIO. To run both examples, the following packages are required: pyqtgraph, scipy, PyQt5, matplotlib.

If you are using pip, you can install all of the PyADI-IIO, as well as the example script dependencies, by following these steps:

  1. Clone or download the pyadi-iio repository pyadi-iio/
  2. Open command prompt or terminal and navigate to the pyadi-iio directory.
  3. Enter the following commands: 
    ...\pyadi-iio\>pip install -r requirements.txt
...\pyadi-iio\>pip install -r examples/requirements_adiplot.txt
...\pyadi-iio\>python setup.py install
One of the packages in requirements_adiplot.txt is the PyQt5. If you already have a pre-installed PyQt5 prior to the installation of the packages, it is suggested that you uninstall the said package in the virtual environment. Duplicate installations may sometimes cause errors that inhibit the system from displaying the real-time plot. This can easily be done by inputting the command: pip uninstall PyQt5 while the virtual environment is active.

Running the Examples

There are three example scripts for the ADPD410x found in pyadi-iio/. The first simply reads from the photodiode channels, the second plots specified photodiode channels, and the third tests the board separately, with its onboard LED and photodiode and with a test setup built from the simple example circuit from Prototyping Connectors.
For example 1, follow these steps:

  1. Connect the EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ to the EVAL-ADICUP3029.
  2. Connect the EVAL-ADICUP3029 to the PC using the micro-USB cable and note the serial port from the Device Manager as in Connection.
  3. Open command prompt or terminal and navigate to the examples folder inside the downloaded or cloned pyadi-iio directory.
  4. Run the example using the command: 
    ...\pyadi-iio\examples>python adpd410x_example.py
  5. Input the noted serial port and press Connect
    .
  6. Once connected, press Read
    .


For example 2, follow these steps:

  1. Connect the EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ to the EVAL-ADICUP3029.
  2. Connect the EVAL-ADICUP3029 to the PC using the micro USB cable and note the serial port from the Device Manager as in Connection.
  3. Open command prompt or terminal and navigate to the examples folder inside the downloaded or cloned pyadi-iio directory.
  4. Run the example script using the command: 
    ...\pyadi-iio\examples>python adpd410x_plot.py
  5. The script will ask for a serial port. Input the noted serial port and press Enter. In cases when the board is not found, press the reset button (S1) on the EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ and input the noted serial port again.
  6. When the board is detected, you will be asked to specify the number of channels (1 to 8) you want to read. Then, you need to specify the desired channel numbers (1 to 8).
  7. A plot will appear showing the specified channels. You have the option to save a copy of the displayed waveform at any point in time using the matplotlib controls at the top.


For example 3, follow these steps:

  1. Connect the EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ to the EVAL-ADICUP3029.
  2. Connect the EVAL-ADICUP3029 to the pc using the micro-USB cable and note the serial port from the Device Manager as in Connection.
  3. Open command prompt or terminal and navigate to the examples folder inside the downloaded or cloned pyadi-iio directory.
  4. Run the example script using the command: 
    ...\pyadi-iio\examples>python adpd410x_test.py
  5. A GUI window will appear, as shown below. There are four buttons at the top right for each test namely, open onboard LED test, covered onboard LED test, no load test, and mounted jig test. Before pressing a button to start the test, select the noted COM port on the dropdown list at the top left.
    • Open Onboard LED Test
      The test samples raw ADC values from the onboard photodiode and checks whether it is consistent with the standard. Make sure that all shunts on jumper header P10 are present and connected. A sample passing result is shown below
    • Covered Onboard LED Test
      Place your finger above the onboard photodiode and LED.

      This test checks if the sampled raw ADC value has significantly increased from the standard uncovered value. A sample passing result is shown below.
    • No Load Test
      Remove all shunts on jumper header P10. This test checks the photodiode input when no external sensor is connected. A sample passing result is shown below.
      .
    • Mounted Jig Test
      Using the simple test schematic shown in Connection, a test board was fabricated using MOC207M optocouplers. Remove all shunts on jumper header P10 and connect the test jig to the EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ, as shown below. (The test jig shown below was fabricated with female headers for easy mounting)

      A sample passing result is shown below.



Schematic, PCB Layout, Bill of Materials

EVAL-ADPD410x-ARDZ Design & Integration Files

  • Schematic
  • PCB Layout
  • Bill of Materials
  • Allegro Project


Registration

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End of Document

resources/eval/user-guides/circuits-from-the-lab/eval-adpd410x.txt · Last modified: 03 Mar 2023 07:42 by Joyce Velasco

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